Nicholas E. Lombardo, The Logic of Desire. Aquinas on Emotion, Catholic University of America Press, 2010. Présentation de l’éditeur : cliquer ici
Vient de paraître : “The Logic of Desire. Aquinas on Emotion”
Archives de catégorie : Vient de paraître
“Reformation of Feeling”
Reformation of FeelingShaping the Religious Emotions in Early Modern Germany
Susan Karant-Nunn
OUP USA
352 pages | 235x156mm
978-0-19-539973-8 | Hardback | 27 May 2010
Price: £45.00
Source: Oxford University Press
* First study of emotive spirituality of the Reformation
Susan Karant-Nunn argues that the 16th-century Reformation movement sought not only to modify people’s doctrinal convictions and their behavior but to root these changes in altered sentiment. She finds evidence for this thesis in all of the media employed by ecclesiastical authorities within Catholicism, Lutheranism, and the Reformed churches – including sermons, catechetical materials, liturgical modifications, the decoration of sanctuaries, and hymns and their lyrics. She focuses especially on the content of preaching on the Passion during Holy Week as well as treatments of the good Christian death. She finds that in late medieval through 17th-century Catholicism, hearers were enjoined to cultivate a profound identification with Jesus in his agony, as he makes his way from the Garden of Gethsemane to the Cross. Indeed, the pious ought to feel his suffering in their own bodies. She traces the emergence of Lutheran restraint and emphasis on the accomplished atonement of Christ for human sin. Sorrow must be present, but quickly gives way to the consolation of God’s love. The Reformed preachers (Zwinglian and Calvinist), however, while agreeing that Christ’s suffering benefited all of the elect, enjoined self-condemnation on all their hearers – the recognition that no one deserved God’s gratuitous gift of eternal life. She looks at the awareness of preachers from all three groups of the emotional difference that set them apart from the others. Clergymen’s training in rhetoric, she shows, attuned them to the goal of undergirding intellectual persuasion with feeling.
Susan Karant-Nunn, Director and Professor, Division for Late Medieval and Reformation Studies
1.: Introduction
2.: Catholic Preaching
3.: The Lutheran Churches
4.: The Reformed Churches
5.: The Jews
6.: The Virgin Mary
7.: Dying and Death
8.: Lay Reception
9.: Conclusion
Vient de Paraître : “Politiques des émotions au Moyen Âge”, D. Boquet et P. Nagy (dir.)
Politiques des émotions au Moyen Âge
Sous la direction de Damien Boquet et Piroska Nagy
Florence, SISMEL – Edizioni del Galluzzo, (Micrologus’ Library, 34)
2010
pp. VI-358
€ 54
A commander sur le site de l’éditeur ou via ce pdf
Et voici l’introduction désormais disponible ici : 2. Boquet Nagy intro PolEmo Final.
Présentation:
Ce livre est l’un des fruits d’un programme de recherches – EMMA («Les émotions au Moyen Age») – qui a été lancé en 2005 avec pour objectif d’étudier les émotions durant la période médiévale dans une perspective interdisciplinaire. Au fil d’une série de rencontres organisées à la Maison Méditerranéenne des Sciences de l’Homme d’Aix-en-Provence, le programme EMMA a rassemblé plusieurs dizaines de chercheurs qui avaient pour défi d’intégrer dans leur champ propre le nouveau paradigme de l’émotion porté par la psychologie, la sociologie ou la philosophie. Politiques des émotions au Moyen Age est ainsi le troisième volet de ce projet éditorial qui s’est ouvert en 2007 par la parution d’un numéro de la revue Critique intitulé Émotions médiévales, dans lequel dix médiévistes proposaient une analyse critique de l’historiographie récente en la
matière. Les deux principales réalisations du projet, Le Sujet des émotions au Moyen Age paru en 2009 et aujourd’hui Politiques des émotions au Moyen Age, ont été conçues pour former une unité, relevant de ce que Foucault appelait la «gouvernementalité» et qu’on pourrait nommer aussi, en s’inspirant de William Reddy, la «navigabilité » des émotions pour qualifier l’articulation entre la construction de la subjectivité affective et l’usage social des émotions. C’est cette navigabilité des émotions qui explique le pluriel de «politiques» dans le titre de ce livre. Après avoir réfléchi en ouverture
aux conditions mêmes d’une histoire politique des émotions médiévales, nous commençons par aborder la politique dans son sens traditionnel d’art de gouverner la cité: comment les gouvernants usent-ils de leurs émotions, qu’elles soient ressenties et/ou scénarisées? Comment aussi contrôlent-ils et pèsent-ils sur les émotions des gouvernés? La première section de ce livre fait la part belle à ces approches en montrant comment les émotions des princes – et à l’inverse l’absence de certaines émotions – peuvent concourir à une idéologie du pouvoir souverain tout en mettant en scène le plus souvent des situations politico-affectives où ce pouvoir s’exerce, y compris en dévoilant ses faiblesses. On mesure alors toute l’étendue des registres d’application, entre élaboration d’une émotionalité publique et usage d’une palette émotionnelle de type privé à des fins politiques. Gouverner les émotions, c’est aussi évaluer et encadrer celles des populations, donc exercer un empire sur l’émotion comme finalité ou bien s’appuyer sur des émotions collectives pour viser un objectif second. Quoi qu’il en soit, dans ces actes qui nous intéressent dans la deuxième section du livre, l’émotion n’est jamais réduite à un pur moyen; elle est aussi l’agent de transformation par lequel l’événement politique advient. Cette navigation émotionnelle relève alors du politique compris comme l’ensemble des formes organisées des rapports de pouvoir. L’important dès lors est de laisser ouvertes les possibilités d’interaction pour voir comment les émotions manifestées signifient les rapports de pouvoir tout en agissant sur eux au moment même où elles sont performées. Cette part d’incertitude, de malléabilité propre à la communication émotionnelle prouve que l’émotion n’est pas le simple fard de l’événement mais qu’elle agit en son coeur même, en lui conférant sens, efficacité et aptitude à redéfinir les rapports de pouvoir au sein des groupes sociaux. Sous cet angle, les enquêtes de la troisième section sur les communautés d’émotions, voire sur les émotions communautaires, découlent naturellement des sources. À partir du moment où l’historien admet que l’émotion est un fait culturellement produit, intellectuellement reconstruit par la médiation écrite ou figurée et politiquement efficace, il est dans son rôle lorsqu’il articule les configurations émotionnelles visibles dans les sources et les groupes socialement constitués, plus encore lorsqu’il met au jour les modalités selon lesquelles le théâtre social des émotions participe des processus de reconnaissance et de renforcement des communautés d’intérêts.
SOMMAIRE:
Préface
– D. Boquet et P. Nagy, “L’historien et les émotions en politique: entre science et citoyenneté”
– É. Limousin, “Les émotions de l’empereur byzantin”
– B. Sère, “Le roi peut-il avoir honte? Quelques réflexions à partir des chroniques de France et d’Angleterre (XIIe-XIIIe siècles)”
– L. Smagghe, “Sur paine d’encourir nostre indignation. Rhétorique du courroux princier dans les Pays-Bas bourguignons à la fin du Moyen Âge”
– M. Guay, “Les émotions du couple princier au XVe siècle: entre usages politiques et affectio conjugalis”
– R. Alonso Álvarez, “Ploraverunt lapides et manaverunt aquam. El planto por el rey según las crónicas de los reinos occidentales hispánicos”
– C. Soussen-Max, “Violence rituelle ou émotion populaire? Les explosions de violence anti-juive à l’occasion des fêtes de Pâques dans l’espace aragonais”
– N. Archambeau, “His Whole Heart Changed: Political Meanings of a Mercenary’s Emotional Transformation”
– J.-M. Mehl, “L’émotion ludique au Moyen Âge”
– B. H. Rosenwein, “The Political Uses of an Emotional Community: Cluny and Its Neighbors, 833-965”
– J. Deploige, “Meurtre politique, guerre civile et catharsis littéraire au XIIe siècle. Les émotions dans l’oeuvre de Guibert de Nogent et de Galbert de Bruges”
– L. Verdon, “Expressions et usages des comportements affectifs dans le cadre de la seigneurie (Provence, XIIIe siècle). L’exemple de l’amour dû au seigneur”
– C. Denjean, “Identités et jeu des émotions devant la justice du roi d’Aragon: prêteurs juifs et courtiers chrétiens”
– B. Rimé, “Les émotions médiévales: réflexions psychologiques”.
– Indici
ABSTRACTS :
Damien Boquet and Piroska Nagy, The Historian and the Emotions in
Politics: Between Science and Citizenship
The place of emotions in politics has long been a blind spot of political science, an occultation reinforced by the mistrust of liberal democracies towards emotional manifestations, easily discredited in the name of a rationalising pacification of politics. For a few years now, we have witnessed a persistent return of emotion in politics and in political science, in fact at the same rhythm as the change of paradigm experienced by western societies towards emotion, the cognitive and moral dimensions of which are beginning to be seriously considered. In this general introduction we present the current trends in the social sciences which examine emotion within politics, then move to the methodological propositions of historians that wish to integrate the new paradigm of emotion. Finally, we examine the characteristic parameters of political history of the Middle Ages and the orientations that the authors of this collective work have followed in problematizing such issues.
Eric Limousin, Emotions of the Byzantine Emperor
After beginning with a systematic identification of any mention of emotions in the Chronographia, it becomes possible to specify the use of Psellos’ emotional register. The emperor does not express emotions in the public sphere. Nevertheless political actions do not reject emotions and these are expressed without reserve out of the Grand Palace of Constantinople’s reception rooms.
Bénédicte Sère, Can the King Be Ashamed? Some Thoughts about the Chronicles of France and England (12th-13th Centuries)
At the turning point of the 12th and 13th centuries, chroniclers and historians focus on the royal figure. On the French as much as on the English side, the king dons the attributes of a power his emotions then depend upon. As years go by, chroniclers set themselves more and more as the ower’s theorists until a Guillaume le Breton or a Primat become its official apologists. How do they dissert on the royal figure and especially on the emotional range that is related to him? To sound the question, we tackle the emotion of shame by interrogating the writings of the Philippe Auguste era.
Laurent Smagghe, Sur paine d’encourir nostre indignation. Rhetoric of Princely Wrath in the Burgundian Low Countries at the End of the Middle Ages
Wrath plays an essential role in the princely rhetoric of the Burgundian realm at the end of the Middle Ages. As it benefits from a great publicity but is submitted to a strict surveillance, it models an archetype portrait of the governor and testifies its capacity to carry out justice. The prince is advised to give in to it only as a last resort and with legitimate motives so as to manifest it with pragmatism and moderation, an advised entourage providing the respect of these injunctions. The gesture and the word which accompanies the manifestations of princely wrath, also socially constructed, are less a form of ‘letting loose’ than a political propaganda, as is testified by the complex feelings that underlie the relation between the prince and his cities.The sources’ hesitations to name such expressions of wrath and the vocabulary’s ambiguity to verbalize them reflect the contemporaries’ embarrassment towards an affect upon which the threat of transgressive conduct permanently rests, and is seen as particularly prejudicial to the practice of power.
Manuel Guay, Emotions of Princely Couples: Between Political Uses and Affectio Conjugalis
Sources from France’s royal courts and Burgundian princely courts in the 15th century shed light to the codifications that frame the representations of conjugal emotions and the political uses that princely courts have made of these communicating acts. The different emotional postures – which adapt themselves to both public and political events – therefore constitute one of the princely powers’ practices of the 15th century. This study aims, on the one hand, to underline the ways princes control the representations of their emotions. To constitute the emotional conjugal behaviour as a model for society the princely affective manifestations are in turn moderate or used in all their evocative power. On the other hand, princes can exploit the representation of conjugal emotions (real and/or manipulated) to justify the realisation of certain political objectives. But in certain circumstances this affective exhibition can shift in distance or deceit. This double practice aims to strictly separate the political and emotional spheres when emotions are seen as obstacles or threats to the introduction of model princely politics.
Raquel Alonso Álvarez, Ploraverunt lapides et manaverunt aquam. The Planctus for the King in the Chronicles of the Western Hispanic
Kingdoms.
Current western historiography is greatly interested in the manipulation of sources and in the ideological and political use of ceremonies in the Middle Ages. In this setting, this article aims at studying how medieval sources inform us about the emotions produced by the death of Visigothic-Spanish, Asturian-Leonese, and Castilian kings. Contrary to the Frankish case, we cannot find in the Visigothic era a single poetic composition or chronicle dedicated to ceremonies conducted after the death of kings or to plancti performed during these occasions.We must wait until the 12th century for the introduction of such expressions’ in Spanish literature. The most important representative of this genre was Bishop Pelayo de Oviedo (d.1153). He dedicated a long planctus to King Alfonso VI using some motifs stemming from the Hispanic tradition as well as some European ones, in a context of internationalization of the western Hispanic kingdoms. In the 13th century plancti for kings ended up being incorporated to royal chronistic
rhetoric by being used for monarchic propaganda.
Claire Soussen-Max, Ritual Violences or Popular Emotions? Anti-Jewish Aggressions During Paschal Festivities in the Aragonese Territory (13th – 1st half of 14th c.)
The nature of recurrent violence experienced by Jews in the Aragonese territory during the Easter festivities is studied here. The emotion born in the population by the reminding of the Passion of Christ through the liturgical celebrations brings it to commit many acts of violence, if not systematic, at least repeated. Their modus operandi is characterised by the stoning of men – and of their belongings – although this was banned in the aljama by royal and ecclesiastic authorities. Were the frequency of these episodes to evoke a ritual, which would then invalidate the thesis of a spontaneous emotion, the warning and the protective measures addressed to the Jews by the king would raise doubts as to the pertinence of an explanation by ritual. It seems that from liturgical ritual is born an emotion that sometimes degenerates in actions and in popular ‘emotions’. However, is a group emotion possible? Should we not instead see through these episodes the transformation of an individual feeling into a collective means of identification? The group identities are crystallized by emotions born from practices of piety: the Christian majority imposed to the Jewish minority an order in harmony with the wishes of the Church.
Nicole Archambeau, His Whole Heart Changed: Political Meanings of a Mercenary’s Emotional Transformation
In 1357 Countess Delphine de Puimichel miraculously transformed a mercenary, Durandus Arnaudi, from a violent attacker worthy of execution into a recipient of God’s grace worthy of forgiveness.Witnesses testifying to the event in Delphine’s canonization inquest and the inquest organizer, Nicholas Laorenc, carefully shaped this living miracle. They downplayed the living miracle that could have challenged papal authority and instead reflected the desire of the Papacy at the time to reintegrate the entire problematic group of mercenaries into the Christian community, which had few defences against them.
Jean-Michel Mehl, Play Emotions in the Middle Ages
The terms ‘game’ and ‘emotion’ are far from belonging to two different worlds. They certainly present a few divergences but mostly convergences variable in time and space. As such, they can be objects of history. However, emotional manifestations in games can only be read through very complex filters. Emotional scraps spring out of literary texts and from legal and even accounting documents. Outbeating, overheating, aesthetic emotions and intellectual emotions are in the middle of most medieval games. The one and the other, all say something of the statute of play practices in medieval society.
As they stand, all, directly or not, echo liberty.
Barbara H. Rosenwein, The Political Uses of an Emotional Community: Cluny and Its Neighbors, 833-965
Under the first two abbots of the monastery of Cluny, Berno and Odo,no donor or seller ever called the abbot or the monks ‘beloved’. But near the beginning of the rule of Cluny’s third abbot, Aymard, around the year 943, a small group of people at La Chize, a villa near Cluny, did so in a series of sales transactions. In this paper I explore the nature and implications of this affective change, arguing that it signals a moment in which the Cluniacs appropriated an emotional language that had previously been used only for gifts among closely related laypeople.
Jeroen Deploige, Political Murder, Civil War and Literary Catharsis in the 12th Century. Emotions in the Writings of Guibert of Nogent and of Galbert of Bruges.
This contribution proposes a comparative analysis of two very famous cases of political murders in the northern kingdom of France during the first third of the 12th century: the murder of Bishop Gaudry near the cathedral of Laon in 1112 and the assassination of the Count of Flanders Charles the Good in the Saint-Donatien church in Bruges in 1127. In the events which have preceded these murders as in the difficult recovery of the social balance after them, emotions were omnipresent. We could even consider both these murders as true catalysts of very explicit emotions as well on the social and collective as on the individual level. This especially stands out in the famous testimonies of Guibert of Nogent and Galbert of Bruges which are examined in this contribution not only as extraordinary sources to study the role of emotions in these events but also as literary catharsis from their authors, moved as they were by the events they described. By analysing the emotional discourse in these texts in a quantitative and qualitative
fashion, this contribution aspires to highlight the tension between, on the one hand, the level of this society from the first third of the 12th century and, on the other, the narrativisation of this reality.
Laure Verdon, Expressions and uses of emotional behaviour in the seigneurial context: the case of love due to the lord (Provence, 13th century)
Medieval historians specializing in political history have come to understand the role of publicly-expressed emotion in the construction of a relationship of dependency. This dimension of the relationship between the lord and his subjects can be analysed using tools of interpretation borrowed from literary analysis, which reveal the elements of the communication code in use. However, when emotion is transmitted through other vehicles of communication, such as rituals, it is tempting to consider these an instrument of manipulation in the hands of the mighty. Anthropological approaches, which emphasize the dynamic of transformation at work in the performance of rituals, offer a way to grasp this topic using other kinds of evidence. The minutes of inquiries concerning the loyalty oaths of communities in the seigneurial context for instance, reveal the importance of “political sentiment” in the construction of subordination to the lord.
Claude Dejean, Identities and emotional play at the court of the king of Aragon: Jewish moneylenders and Christian brokers
Studying notarial registers, minutes of inquiries, and trials in the Crown of Aragon in the 13th and 14th centuries helps us to understand the role of emotions in the risk-taking integral to the large number of exchanges of debts at the basis of commercial and financial transactions between Jews and Christians. The emotions of clients needed to be properly managed by moneylenders and brokers in order to prevent a relationship based on trust from ending in conflict or even in an anti-Jewish riot. The acceleration of the rhythm of transactions and weakening personal links between the parties involved could lead to dangerous emotions, controlled or punished, which the royal state attempted to temper.
Bernard Rimé, Conclusion
Specialist of the psychological studies of emotions, the author of this chapter has been invited to formulate his conclusions of this meeting. He strived to appreciate the measure in which the outcome of the study of emotions in the medieval period harmonizes itself with the one, which prevails in the psychological study of emotions today. In this respect, the chapter concludes negatively. Indeed, the contemporary vision of psychological research gives an absolute priority to the tool function that the emotions serve to the adaptation of the individual. This vision radically contrasts with the emphasis given by the historic studies of the meeting on the multiple social functions of emotion.
Vient de paraître : “Machtvolle Gefühle” éd. par Ingrid Kasten
Ed. by Kasten, Ingrid
2010 | eBook (currently only available for Libraries / Institutions) | RRP Euro [D] 99.95 / for USA, Canada, Mexico US$ 140.00.
ISBN 978-3-11-025142-5
Series: Trends in Medieval Philology 24
Also available in Hardcover: ISBN 978-3-11-025141-8 | € 99.95 [D] / *US$ 140.00
viii, 374 pages
Table des matières : cliquer ici
About this Title :
Das Thema „Machtvolle Gefühle“ beleuchtet die bislang wenig beachtete Verschränkung von Macht und Emotion. Dabei geht es nicht nur um die Wirkungsmacht von Gefühlen als aktives Handeln, sondern auch als passives Erleiden und Überwältigtwerden. Der vorliegende Band, Ergebnis einer internationalen und interdisziplinären Tagung, eröffnet neue Perspektiven für die künftige historische Emotionsforschung. Ein Schwerpunkt des Bandes liegt auf Beiträgen aus dem Bereich der germanistischen Mediävistik, wobei methodisch unterschiedliche Ansätze diskutiert und Schnittstellen zu anderen kultur- und geisteswissenschaftlichen Disziplinen produktiv gemacht werden. Die Beiträge fokussieren emotionsgeschichtliche Prozesse des Wandels, Aspekte der Medialisierung von Emotionen in Rede, Schrift und Bild sowie die Semiotizität von Emotionsgestaltungen. Damit wird die Aufmerksamkeit auf differenzierte Machtstrukturen gelenkt, die Emotionen in Rezeptionsprozessen oder Verkörperungspraktiken entfalten können. Gefragt wird nach ästhetischen und rhetorischen Strategien, die darauf angelegt sind, den Zeichencharakter der textuellen Ebene zu ‚überspringen‘, Effekte der Unmittelbarkeit, der emotionalen ‚Ansteckung‘ und der Überwältigung zu erzeugen. Leitende Kategorien der Untersuchungen sind unter anderem Medialität, Wissen, Rezeption, Gender und Körper.
Vient de paraître : “Laments for the Lost in Medieval Literature”
Source: Brepols Publishers
J. Tolmie, M. J. Toswell (eds.), Laments for the Lost in Medieval Literature, Turnhout, Brepols, 2010. 60 euros
This is a collection of essays on the subject of lament in the medieval period, with a particular emphasis on parental grief. The analysis of texts about pain and grief is an increasingly important area in medieval studies, offering as it does a means of exploring the ways in which cultural meanings arise from loss and processes of mourning. The international scholars who come together to produce this volume discuss subjects as diverse as lament psalms in Old and Middle English, medieval Latin laments, mourning in Anglo-Saxon literature, mourning through objects, medieval art and archaeology, Old French poetic elegy, skaldic poetry, medieval women’s writing, Old Polish drama, English massacre plays, and Middle English nativity lyrics.
Singing a Song of Sorrow: Tropes of Lament ANNE L. KLINCK
Structures of Sorrow: The Lament Psalms in Medieval England M. J. TOSWELL
Dustsceawung: Texting the Dead in the Old English Elegies MARY K. RAMSEY
The Grave, the Sword, and the Lament: Mourning for the Future in Beowulf ANNE SAVAGE
Laments for Lost Children: Latin Traditions JAN M. ZIOLKOWSKI
The Language of Philomena’s Lament SUSAN SMALL
Mary, Motherhood, and Theatricality in the Old Polish Listen, Dear Brothers and Chaucer’s Man of Law’s Tale ANNA CZARNOWUS
‘Myth to Live By’ in Sonatorrek JOSEPH HARRIS
‘Non enim possum plorare nec lamenta fundere’: Sonatorrek in a Tenth-Century Context til minningar um Stefán Karlsson RUSSELL POOLE
Lullaby as Lament: Learning to Mourn in Middle English Nativity Lyrics AMY N. VINES
Natural Feeling and Unnatural Mothers: Herod the Great, The Life of Saint Bridget, and Chaucer’s Clerk’s Tale REBECCA KRUG
‘Son, dey þou nat without þy modyre’: The Landscape of Suffering in The Lamentacioun of Oure Lady ELIZABETH TOWL
Christine de Pizan’s Life in Lament: Love, Death, and Politics NADIA MARGOLIS
Spinning Women and Manly Soldiers: Grief and Game in the English Massacre Plays JANE TOLMIE
Postscript/Postlude/Afterword DEREK PEARSALL
“Martha Nussbaum. Emotions privées, espace public” (Raison Publique, numéro 13, octobre 2010)
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- Source: Raison-publique.fr
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Martha Nussbaum : émotions privées, espace public
Dossier coordonné par Solange Chavel
Professeur à l’Université de Chicago, Martha Nussbaum est l’une des philosophes américaines les plus importantes de sa génération. Elle est l’auteur d’une œuvre de philosophie politique et morale dont l’ampleur et la portée sont tout à fait impressionnantes. Philosophie morale grecque, lien entre littérature et philosophie morale, rôle des émotions dans nos vies morales, formation de l’espace publique démocratique et discussion de la philosophie politique libérale : ce ne sont là que quelques-unes des domaines dans lesquels Martha Nussbaum a apporté une contribution à chaque fois décisive.
Ce travail, si abondamment discuté et commenté dans le monde, reste pourtant fort peu connu en France : à ce jour, d’une œuvre foisonnante, ne sont encore traduits en Français que deux articles et deux livres : Femmes et développement humain et, plus récemment, La Connaissance de l’amour. Ces deux ouvrages touchent assurément des points centraux de sa philosophie : Femmes et développement humain présente la théorie des « capabilités » par laquelle Martha Nussbaum propose une interprétation originale de la théorie politique libérale et montre sa fécondité sur la question des droits des femmes. La Connaissance de l’amour réunit un ensemble d’articles qui explorent la contribution de la littérature à la philosophie morale à travers des lectures de Proust, James, Beckett… À ce titre, il est heureux que le lecteur français puisse enfin y accéder. Pour autant, il importe de ne pas en rester là. Les thèmes qui méritent discussion sont en effet plus larges encore : la lecture croisée de la philosophie et de la tragédie grecques pour souligner la place du conflit et de la vulnérabilité dans les vies morales d’êtres humains soumis à la « fragilité de la bonté », selon la jolie expression qui fait le titre du recueil The Fragility of Goodness ; l’apport cognitif et évaluatif des émotions discuté dans Upheavals of Thought ; les zones inexplorées de la philosophie politique rawlsienne dans Frontiers of Justice ; ou encore le rôle joué par les humanités pour former nos espaces publics démocratiques (Poetic Justice, Cultivating Humanity).
Le dossier que nous présentons ici, issu d’un colloque organisé conjointement par l’Université de Picardie Jules Verne et l’École normale supérieure en juin 2009, entend ainsi prolonger les récents efforts de traduction et contribuer à faire mieux connaître cette œuvre remarquable. Présentation complète du dossier
Sommaire
Solange Chavel, Introduction (téléchargeable->doc172])
Martha Nussbaum : Egalité et amour à la fin du Mariage de Figaro : constituer les émotions démocratiques
Ruwen Ogien : Qui a besoin d’une ≪ éthique à visage humain ≫ ?
Marc Pavlopoulos : Des valeurs contextuelles ou universelles ?
Piergiorgio Donatelli : Martha Nussbaum, l’éthique et la forme de vie
Michela Marzano : Publicisation de l’espace privé et privatisation de l’espace public
Estelle Ferrarese : Emotions et politique chez Martha Nussbaum : la question du rapport a soi
Alice Crary : Ethique et littérature : Nussbaum contre Nussbaum
Gabrielle Radica : La jalousie est-elle une passion privée ?
Patrick Pharo : Fiertés et dégoûts dans l’éthique de première personne
“La Vie sensible” selon Emanuele Coccia
Emanuele Coccia, La Vie sensible, Paris, Payot-Rivages, 2010. 13,5 euros.
Présentation de l’éditeur:
Dans cet essai dense et limpide, savant et profond, érudit mais sans lourdeur aucune, Emanuele Coccia s’interroge sur la sensibilité, sur la vie sensible. “Etre sensible”, être trop sensible”, “heurter la sensibilité de quelqu’un” – nous avons souvent recours à ces expressions pour définir ce qui nous plaît, ce qui nous touche, ce qui nous affecte. Nous sommes sensibles et cette sensibilité est le commerce que nous entretenons avec la vie même. Mais si la sensibilité est si évidemment présente en nous, si elle est l’évidence même, si nous cherchons, par tous les moyens, à jouir d’elle et à jouir avec elle, comment se fait-il que la philosophie lui ait comme tourné le dos ? Comment se fait-il même qu’elle y ait vu ce dont nous devions nous détourner ? Ce livre est donc en premier lieu une réhabilitation de la sensibilité. Car cette réhabilitation est urgente. De fait, par la sensibilité nous tenons au monde et le monde tient à nous. Mais cette réhabilitation prend aussi la forme d’une réflexion inattendue sur l’image – cette modalité par laquelle nous rendons sensibles les idées. L’image n’est-elle pas la forme sensible de l’autre ? Le sensible n’est-il pas le lieu de production et le réceptacle des images ? A travers de brefs paragraphes qui invitent au rêve et à la méditation, cet essai riche et stimulant s’articule en deux parties qui tendent, la première à définir ce que nous appelons sensibilité, vie sensible, la seconde à penser le rapport de l’image et de la sensibilité.
Critique parue dans Le Monde (29.10.2010):
Rares sont les vraies surprises. Ce livre en est une, et des plus singulières. Tombée de nulle part, au premier abord. Auteur inconnu, repères absents. Pourtant, cet aérolithe philosophique s’impose d’emblée : un monde ici s’affirme, dans une langue dense et claire, avec une cohérence aussi évidente qu’inattendue. A tel point qu’une fois ouvert on ne le lâche plus, saisi du sentiment de rencontrer une vraie pensée, d’étranges lumières, des voyages très insolites. Le tout résiste au résumé, et se déforme quand on le schématise. Une esquisse est trompeuse, vous voilà prévenus.
Constat de départ : nous baignons dans le sensible. “Nous considérons que nous sommes des êtres rationnels, pensants et parlants, souligne la première page, et pourtant, pour nous, vivre signifie avant toutes choses regarder, goûter, toucher ou sentir le monde.” Comment concilier notre immersion permanente dans les lumières et les couleurs, les odeurs, les saveurs… et l’antique projet philosophique de se tourner vers l’intelligible en se détournant du monde sensible ? La philosophie, sur ce point, ferait-elle fausse route ? Mieux vaudrait admettre qu’il n’y a pour nous de monde, de réalité et de vie que sensibles.
Encore faut-il s’entendre sur le statut de ce que nous nommons ainsi. La forte intuition d’Emanuele Coccia est que le sensible est un entre-deux, une réalité médiane. Il ne résulte pas, selon lui, du contact direct de nos sens avec le monde. Contrairement à ce qu’on croit, le sensible n’appartiendrait ni aux choses ni au sujet – tout comme l’image d’un objet dans le miroir est séparée de l’objet, et perdure même quand personne ne la regarde. Envisagés de ce point de vue, les phénomènes ne sont ni dans l’âme ni dans le corps, mais en dehors des deux : ce sont des formes qui se tiennent hors de leur matière.
Le mode d’être des images est au coeur de cette réflexion. Elles n’ont ni épaisseur ni poids et malgré tout ne se réduisent pas à néant. Leur pouvoir est de multiplier indéfiniment les formes, de les faire exister ailleurs : quand je me regarde dans un miroir, je suis à la fois ici et là. Le sensible est multiplication, bain infini où nous produisons sans cesse des formes nouvelles – mots et phrases, dessins, photos, parfums, vêtements et autres… Car aucune pensée ni aucune émotion ne sont transmissibles sans avoir été transformées pour devenir sensibles : “On se tromperait à faire de l’homme et de la vie tout court ce qui spiritualise le monde des objets. La vie est aussi ce qui réifie l’esprit, l’objective et l’aliène. Et le sensible n’est pas seulement le lieu de l’abstraction de la matière, mais aussi (…) de la sensification de l’esprit et du sujet.”
Peau d’artifice
Cette transformation salvatrice de l’esprit en chose, Emanuele Coccia la repère particulièrement, au fil des derniers chapitres de La Vie sensible, dans la singularité humaine des vêtements. L’homme est l’animal capable de s’habiller, de revêtir constamment une peau d’artifice, d’en changer, voire de la transformer en un signe de lui-même plus personnel et plus intime que sa peau d’origine. Là aussi, de l’esprit devient sens, prend forme et finit par migrer loin du corps : on reconnaît une silhouette, un accessoire, un style – ils disent une personne autant que son nom.
Une des singularités de ce livre est de redonner vie, en les transformant radicalement, à toutes sortes de théories et de concepts médiévaux et scolastiques. Ainsi, la conception du sensible que développe Emanuele Coccia est-elle comme une réminiscence de l’antique doctrine des “espèces intentionnelles”, raillée par Descartes, censées relier les choses et l’âme par des liaisons ténues. On trouve ici et là, au fil de cet essai, des références à Alexandre d’Aphrodise, Avicenne ou Bacon.
Renseignements pris, l’auteur est un jeune chercheur spécialiste de philosophie médiévale. Ici, il a délibérément quitté l’érudition et les travaux de traduction pour laisser libre cours à une inspiration métaphysique comme on en rencontre peu. Sans doute lui faudra-t-il un jour préciser comment le modèle de l’image peut s’appliquer pertinemment aux formes non visuelles du sensible. Sur ce point, il semble rester du jeu.
Cela dit, ce texte singulier doit s’envisager comme une expérience plutôt que comme une démonstration. Savoir si ce qu’il dit est “vrai” ou “faux”, voilà somme toute une préoccupation secondaire. Personne ne demande si Monteverdi est plus ou moins vrai que Bach, ou Bellini que Poussin. La vraie question : ce qu’ils donnent à voir de neuf, ce qu’ils changent à l’inclinaison des sens.
LA VIE SENSIBLE d’Emanuele Coccia. Traduit de l’italien par Martin Rueff. Payot et Rivages, “Bibliothèque Rivages”, 160 p., 13,50 €.
Roger-Pol Droit
Article paru dans l’édition du 29.10.10
Vient de paraître : “Dante in Purgatory. States of Affect” (J. Tambling)
source : Brepols Publishers
J. Tambling, Dante in Purgatory. States of Affect, Turnhout, Brepols (disputatio 18), 2010. 60 euros
This volume provides an advanced survey of Dante studies and offers a new, detailed, and accessible reading of his Purgatorio, making this very rich text freshly available to an English-speaking readership. Through analysis of a variety of emotional states across Dante’s three major works – the Purgatorio, Inferno, and Paradiso, and in his minor works, such as the Rime and the Convivio – Dante in Purgatory: States of Affect contends that emotions are historically constructed at different moments. The book also demonstrates that while Dante presents some emotions as defined and distinct, he depicts others as blends of several states of feeling, as emotions which are in process or metamorphosis. In particular, the author examines the seven cardinal vices (‘seven deadly sins’) amid a wider discussion of states of affect. He argues that the emotional states associated with these vices are different from contemporary conceptions of affective states. He compels us to acknowledge that there is a history of both the emotional states themselves and the methods with which we describe them. Above all, his study shows that there is a history of emotions which is part of the history of a European acquisition of a subjective sense of the self. To historicize emotion thus requires that the ‘human’ becomes increasingly defined, as the subject is ascribed further interior qualities which must be named. Dante in Purgatory is thus relevant not only to readers of Dante, but also to any reader interested in thinking about emotion and affectual states and how these can be described, and how they can be conceptualized.
Preface vii
Chapter 1: On Affect 1
Chapter 2: Seven Capital Vices 13
Chapter 3: Virtues and Vices: Convivio to Purgatorio 37
Chapter 4: Purgatorio I and II 61
Chapter 5: The Art of Pride 81
Chapter 6: Envy 103
Chapter 7: Overcoming Anger 127
Chapter 8: Sloth 145
Chapter 9: On Avarice 175
Chapter 10: Greed and Gluttony 197
Chapter 11: ‘Nostro peccato fu ermafrodito’ 219
Chapter 12: Matelda: Love, Narcissism, Fragmentation 241
Bibliography 265
Index of Dante’s Works 285
Index of the Bible and Apocrypha 287
General Index 289
“Emotion Review” vol. 2/4 (octobre 2010)
La nouvelle livraison de “Emotion Review” vient de paraître (voir sommaire ici), avec un dossier consacré à Robert Zajonc et un autre aux définitions de l’émotion. L’occasion de rappeler que l’accès en ligne aux articles en texte intégral est gratuit jusqu’en décembre 2011, sur simple enregistrement. Dans le champ historique, signalons tout particulièrement les articles de William Reddy, “Historical Research on the Self and Emotions”, 1/4 (2009), p. 302-315 et de Anna Wierzbicka,”The “History of Emotions” and the Future of Emotion Research”, 2/3 (2010), p. 269-273.
“The Oxford Handbook of Philosophy of Emotion”, et autres publications récentes et à venir aux Presses Universitaires d’Oxford
Depuis une dizaine d’années au moins, les Presses Universitaires d’Oxford sont très actives dans le domaine des “affective sciences”. Rappel des dernières parutions et annonce du prochain livre de Ronald de Sousa.
Source: Oxford University Press
Edited by Peter Goldie
736 pages | 5 line drawings | 246x171mm
978-0-19-923501-8 | Hardback | 03 December 2009
Price: £85.00
Peter Goldie: Introduction
Part 1: What Emotions Are
1: John Deigh: Concepts of Emotion in Modern Philosophy and Psychology
2: Aaron Ben-Ze’ev: The Thing Called Emotion
3: Roddy Cowie: Describing the Forms of Emotional Colouring that Pervade Everyday Life
4: Ronald de Sousa: The Mind’s Bermuda Triangle: Philosophy of Emotions and Empirical Science
Part 2: The History of Emotion
5: Anthony Price: Emotions in Plato and Aristotle
6: Christopher Gill: Stoicism and Epicureanism
7: Peter King: Emotion in Medieval Thought
8: Kate Abramson: A Sentimentalist defence of Contempt, Shame, and Disdain
9: Anthony Hatzimoysis: Emotions in Heidegger and Sartre
10: Louis C. Charland: Reinstating the Passions: Arguments from History of Psychopathology
Part 3: Emotions and Practical Reason
11: Jon Elster: Emotional Choice and Rational Choice
12: Sabine Döring: Why be Emotional?
13: Bennett Helm: Emotions and Motivation: Reconsidering Neo-Jamesian Accounts
14: Christine Tappolet: Emotions and Motivation: The Case of Fear
Part 4: Emotions and the Self
15: Matthew Ratcliffe: The Phenomenology of Mood and the Meaning of Life
16: David Pugmire: Saying It
17: Adam Morton: Epistemic Emotions
18: Amelie Rorty: A Plea for Ambivalence
19: R. Peter Hobson: Emotion, Self/Other-Awareness, and Autism: A Developmental Perspective
20: Michael Stocker: Intellectual and Other Non-Standard Emotions
Part 5: Emotion, Value, and Morality
21: Kevin Mulligan: Emotions and Values
22: Jerome Neu: An Ethics of Emotion?
23: Jesse Prinz: The Moral Emotions
24: Patricia Greenspan: Learning Emotions and Ethics
25: Robert C. Roberts: Emotions and the Canons of Evaluation
26: Justin D’Arms and Daniel Jacobson: Demystifying Sensibilities: Sentimental Values and the Instability of Affect
Part 6: Emotion, Art, and Aesthetics
27: Derek Matravers: Expression in the Arts
28: Susan Feagin: Affects in Appreciation
29: Matthew Kieran: Emotions, Art, and Immorality
30: Jenefer Robinson: Emotional Responses to Music: What are they? How do they work? And are they relevant to aesthetic appreciation?
John Deigh
OUP USA
264 pages | 2 halftones | 235x156mm
978-0-19-516932-4 | Hardback | 30 October 2008
Price: £40.00
Provenance and Acknowledgements
Introduction
1: Emotions: The Legacy of James and Freud
2: Primitive Emotions
3: Cognitivism and the Theory of Emotion
4: Emotions and Values
5: The Politics of Disgust and Shame
6: Emotions and the Authority of Law: Variations on Themes from Bentham and Austin
7: All Kinds of Guilt
8: Promises under Fire
9: Moral Agency and Criminal Insanity
10: Liberalism and Freedom
Berys Gaut
288 pages | 234x156mm
978-0-19-957152-9 | Paperback | 06 August 2009
Also available as: Hardback
List of Illustrations
1: The Long Debate
2: Aesthetics and Ethics: Basic Concepts
3: A Conceptual Map
4: Autonomism
5: Artistic and Critical Practices
6: Questions of Character
7: The Cognitive Argument: The Epistemic Claim
8: The Cognitive Argument: The Aesthetic Claim
9: Emotion and Imagination
10: The Merited Response Argument
Bibliography
Index
A Blueprint for Affective Computing
Klaus R. Scherer, Tanja Bänziger, and Etienne Roesch
Series in Affective Science
416 pages | 246x171mm
978-0-19-956670-9 | Hardback | 23 September 2010
Scherer, KR, Bänziger, T, Roesch E.B.: Preface
Theoretical approaches to the study of emotion in humans and machines
Introduction
1.1: Scherer, K.R.: Emotion and emotional competence: conceptual and theoretical issues for modeling
1.2: Marsella, S., Gratch, J., Petta, P.: Computational models of emotion
The emotion process: Perspectives from psychology and the neurosciences
Introduction
2.1: Scherer, KR: The component process model: a blueprint for a comprehensive computational model of emotion
2.2: Grandjean D., Sander, D.: The emotional brain meets affective computing
2.3: Bänziger, T, With, S., Kaiser, S: The face and voice of emotions: the expressions of emotions
2.4: Kreibig, S., Schaefer, G., Brosch, T.: Psychological response patterning in emotion: implications for affective computing
2.5: Parkinson, B: Emotions in interpersonal interactions
Emotional expression: Ground truth and agent evaluation
Introduction
3.1: Cowie, R., Douglas-Cowie, E., Martin, J.-C-, Devillers, L.: The essential role of human databases for learning in and validation of affectively competent agents
3.2: Scherer, KR. & Bänziger, T.: On the use of actor portrayals in research on emotional expression
Approaches to the computational modelling of emotion
Introduction
4.1: Becker-Asano, C., Wachsmuth, I.: WASABI as a case study of how misattribution of emotion can be modelled computationally
4.2: Roesch, EB, Korsten, N, Fragopanagos, N., Taylor, JG: Emotions in artificial neural networks
Approaches to the implementation of emotionally competent agents
Introduction
5.1: Hyniewska, S., Niewiadomski, R., Mancini, M., Pelachaud, C.: Expression of affects in Embodied Conversational Agents
5.2: Schröder, M., Burkhardt, F., Krstulovic, S.: Synthesis of emotional speech
5.3: Devillers, L., Vidrascu, L., Layachi, O.: Automatic detection of emotion from vocal expression
5.4: Castellano, G., Caridakis, G., Camurri, A., Karpouzis, K., Volpe, G., Kollias, S.: Body gesture and facial expression analysis for automatic affect recognition
5.5: Niewiadomski, R., Mancini, M., Hyniewska, S., Pelachaud, C.: Communicating emotional states with the Greta agent
Approaches to developing expression corpora and databases
Introduction
6.1: Bänziger, T & Scherer, KR: Introducing the Geneva Multimodal Emotion Portrayal (GEMEP) corpus
6.2: Cowie, R., Douglas-Cowie, E., Sneddon, I., McRorie, Hanratty, J., McMahon, E. ,McKeown, G.: Induction techniques developed to illuminate relationships between signs of emotion and their context, physical and social.
Conclusions
Oxford Companion to Emotion and the Affective Sciences
David Sander and Klaus Scherer
Series in Affective Science
512 pages | 50 black & white figures, 16 black & white photos and 5 colour photos | 246x171mm
978-0-19-856963-3 | Hardback | 23 July 2009
Price: £49.95
David Sander, Scientific Coordinator of the Swiss Center for Affective Sciences, and Associate Professor at the Department of Psychology, University of Geneva, Switzerland, and Klaus Scherer, Director of the Swiss Center for Affective Sciences, University of Geneva, Switzerland
Contributors:
John T. Cacioppo, University of Chicago, UK
Tim Dalgleish, Cambridge University, UK
Robert Dantzer, University of Illinois at Urbana- Champaign, USA
Richard J. Davidson, University of Wisconsin Madison, USA
Ronald B. de Sousa, University of Toronto, Canada
Phoebe C. Ellsworth, University of Michigan, USA
Nico Frijda, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
George Loewenstein, Carnegie Mellon University, USA
Paula M. Niedenthal, University of Clermont-Ferrand II / CNRS, France
Peter Salovey, Yale University, USA
Richard A. Shweder, University of Chicago, USA
Ronald de Sousa
OUP USA
304 pages | 235x156mm
978-0-19-518154-8 | Hardback | February 2011 (estimated)
Price: £40.00
PART I
TRUTH, COHERENCE, AND RATIONALITY
1.: PARADOXICAL EMOTIONS
2.: WHAT EMOTIONS HAVE TO SAY
3.: EMOTIONAL TRUTH AS GENERIC TRUTH
4.: TRUTH, RATIONALITY, AUTHENTICITY
PART II
5.: LEARNING TO BE NATURAL
6.: EMOTIONS IN BLACK-AND-WHITE AND COLOR
7.: MORAL EMOTIONS
8.: WHAT ELSE IS THERE? EMOTIONS, VALUE AND MORALITY
PART III
9.: EPISTEMIC FEELINGS
10.: PERVERSION AND DEATH
11.: IS ART AN ADAPTATION?
12.: THE ART OF THE POSSIBLE IN LIFE AND LITERATURE
PART IV
13.: DESIRE AND SERENDIPITY
14.: PERILS OF HAPPINESS
15.: LOVE UNDIGITIZED
16.: LOVE AS THEATER
17.: REPETITION AND NOVELTY
The Emotional Construction of Morals
Jesse Prinz
352 pages | 234x152mm
978-0-19-957154-3 | Paperback | 27 August 2009
Also available as: Hardback
Price: £16.99
Preamble: Naturalism and Hume’s Law
Part I. Morality and Emotion
1: Emotionism
2: Emotions: Nonmoral and Moral
3: Sensibility Saved
4: Against Objectivity
Part II. Constructing Morals
5: Dining with Cannibals
6: The Genealogy of Morals
7: The Limits of Evolutionary Ethics
8: Moral Progress: Beyond Good and Evil?
Oral History and Emotions
Source : Oral History Society
Volume 38, No 2 (2010) Abstracts
TALK ABOUT CARE: EMOTIONS, CULTURE AND ORAL HISTORY
Jenny Harding
Key words: cultural studies, emotion, care, love, subjectivity, power relations, relationality
Abstract: This article outlines a cultural studies approach to studying emotion and use this to look again at a series of interviews with young care leavers, focusing on what they had to say about ‘care’. It explores how specific emotion words are deployed as critical analytical terms by interviewees reflecting on their experiences and representing their subjectivities and social realities in relation to others. Such analysis articulates historically and culturally specific meanings of care.
REMEMBERING AND REWORKING EMOTIONS: THE REANALYSIS OF EMOTION IN AN INTERVIEW
Joanna Bornat
Key words: oral history, secondary analysis, interviews, emotion, old age
Abstract: Oral historians commonly interview older people, yet tend to neglect what is known about the psychology of old age and the significance of an interview in the life of an older person. Researchers likewise come to the interview with agendas, biographies and life stage issues. In the interview situation, these various components, contributed by both sides in the partnership, emerge in ways which can be difficult to deal with at the time, provoking unpredictable emotional responses. Looking back at data generated from such encounters can be revelatory, not only in relation to research goals but in terms of insights into the interviewer’s own self-awareness and understanding of the process of interviewing. This article explores these issues by drawing on an interview carried out almost thirty years previously during which a woman in her eighties recalled, with much emotion, an experience from her childhood.
EMOTION IN NARRATING THE HISTORY OF LEARNING DISABILITY
Sheena Rolph and Dorothy Atkinson
Key words: learning disability, emotion, life stories, emotions history
Abstract: This paper describes recent research in two areas: interviewing parents of people with learning disabilities and talking to people with learning disabilities about their lives. In the first section, Sheena Rolph discusses a range of emotional responses revealed in interviews with parents of people with learning disabilities and reflects on what these responses meant within the context of people’s lives. In the second section, Dorothy Atkinson explores the role of emotions in life-story work with people with learning disabilities and the ways in which these feelings from the past were incorporated into narratives told in the present.
‘WE WERE SKIVVIES/WE HAD A BALL’: SHAME AND INTERWAR SHIPS’
Jo Stanley
Key words: emotion; women; ships; shame
Abstract: Shame is a telling emotion revealed by some inter-war British ships’ stewardesses – the counterparts of today’s cabin crew – in interviews and interactions with oral historians. Shame is useful because it highlights seawomen’s differing attitudes to being ‘exciting’ travel workers on palatial liners in the mid twentieth century. Some insisted proudly ‘we had a ball’ even though others felt shame, as if they were skivvies. This article tackles the process of understanding why women might experience shame and how they represented and negotiated their feelings. The key question is that if ships were sweatships and working on them was an appropriate cause for shame (as well as pride), then why was shame not explicit in interviewees’ narratives?
‘SURPRISED BY JOY’: A CASE HISTORY EXPLORING THE EXPRESSION OF SPIRITUAL JOY IN ORAL HISTORY
Jane Moodie
Key words: joy, emotives, emotional style, family myth, biculturalism, political activism
Abstract: This article explores the expression of joy in the oral life narrative of a woman who works towards the settlement of indigenous grievances in New Zealand. It discusses how we recognise joy in the interview through counter-transference, vocal tone and metaphor, and what interpretative insights this may afford the oral historian. In her early life the narrator appears to have learned, through social institutions such as family and church, an emotional style involving joy. It is not only the experience of joy that is important but the expression of it as a means of further evoking and managing the emotion in the service of her high-priority goals. Having thus discovered the instrumental value of joy as her guide to what is good and worthwhile, she then continues to employ a similar emotional style to motivate and guide her political activism in later life. I suggest that close attention to patterns of emotional expression throughout life narratives may be a fruitful focus for oral historians in detecting historical change and/or continuity in emotional styles, and in alerting us to complex and conflicting values in society.
MOVING FEELINGS: NATIONALISM, FEMINISM AND THE EMOTIONS OF POLITICS
Carrie Hamilton
Key words: feminism, nationalism, activism, emotions, politics, history
Abstract: This article explores how, in interviews with women involved in nationalist and feminist politics in the Basque country, different political movements are associated with different emotions. In so doing, it draws on recent cultural theories of emotions as well as the history of emotions. The article looks at how certain emotions become attached to a specific political movement while other feelings move between them, becoming associated with a given political cause or idea at a particular moment in the narrator’s life story. It argues that these emotional attachments and moving feelings are expressive of narrators’ perceptions of changes in wider social values associated with nationalism and feminism throughout the period studied, as well as of the difficulties expressed by narrators in combining and sustaining multiple political commitments. As such, they are an important aspect of the history of political activism.
VOICE OF THE COMMUNITY? REFLECTIONS ON ACCESSING, WORKING WITH AND REPRESENTING COMMUNITIES
Fiona Cosson
Key words: communities, representation, LGBT, west Yorkshire
Abstract: When we approach and work with a community on an oral history project, whose voices are heard? Whose stories are we recording and can they ever adequately ‘represent’ a community? This article explores how “communities” participate in, contribute to and are consequently represented in oral history projects. The article refers to West Yorkshire Archive Service’s recent oral history project, which worked with Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgendered people, funded by the Heritage Lottery Fund. Using this case study, it reflects on the project’s approach to identifying, accessing and involving so-called invisible or hard-to-reach communities in an oral history project along with some of the problems and achievements arising from this attempt to capture the oral histories of a historically-hidden, traditionally-excluded, and often socially-invisible, group of people.
ORAL HISTORY, LEARNING AND THE HERITAGE LOTTERY FUND: TIPS FOR A GOOD APPLICATION
Jo Reilly
Key words: heritage lottery fund, learning, interpretation, participation, funding
Abstract: The UK’s Heritage Lottery Fund was set up in 1994 to distribute money raised by the National Lottery to projects linked to heritage. In this article the organisation’s latest strategic aim relating to participation and learning is outlined, focussing in particular on the requirement that all oral history projects deliver learning outcomes and the opportunities this creates for applicants.
“Passions in context” : une nouvelle revue en ligne consacrée à l’histoire des émotions
Une nouvelle revue en ligne consacrée à l’histoire des émotions vient de voir le jour : “Passions in context : International Journal for the History and Theory of Emotions”. Elle est éditée par Annalise Acorn (Université d’Alberta, Edmonton) et Rüdiger Zill (Einstein Forum, Potsdam). La revue annonce vouloir privilégier une approche interdisciplinaire, ouverte aux apports des sciences de l’émotion, et multilingue de l’histoire des émotions : une excellente initiative même s’il est un peu dommage que les éditeurs considèrent que les innovations de la recherche dans ce domaine se cantonnent au monde germanique et anglo-saxon :”In particular in the English speaking world and in Germany are developing special centers for the research in the history and theory of emotions”…
On saluera tout particulièrement la totale liberté d’accès des articles de la revue. Dans ce premier numéro, le Moyen Âge est à l’honneur avec des articles de Barbara Rosenwein et de Gerd Althoff. Tous nos vœux de réussite de la part d’EMMA à cette prometteuse revue !
“L’invention du sentiment : roman et économie affective au XVIIIe siècle” (Philip Stewart)
Source de l’information : Voltaire Foundation
L’Invention du sentiment
roman et économie affective au XVIIIe siècle
Volume: SVEC 2010:02
Series editor: Jonathan Mallinson
Author: Philip Stewart
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Date of publication: February 2010
Pagination: viii + 250 pp., pb (broché) Price: £60.00 / €70 / $96
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Description de l’éditeur: Comment s’est créé le concept psychologique et esthétique du ‘sentiment’ tel qu’on le connaît dans la littérature du dix-huitième siècle? Tracer la transformation de la terrible passion de l’ère classique, que l’individu subit, en doux sentiment qui fait partie intégrante de la notion qu’on a de soi: telle est la visée de Ph. Stewart dans cet ouvrage.
Traitant à la fois de la France et de l’Angleterre, l’auteur montre comment s’est établie, au cours d’une période allant de 1650 à 1730, la notion du sentiment. S’appuyant sur des textes tant philosophiques que littéraires, Ph. Stewart trace les origines d’un nouvel espace sémantique dans les interstices des passions classiques, ouvrant le champ à l’analyse d’affections plus nuancées et aussi plus positives. Après un premier chapitre sur l’analyse des expressions affectives en général, l’auteur étudie successivement la période qui suit le traité des ‘passions de l’âme’ de Descartes, l’apport particulier de Prévost, Marivaux et Crébillon, et le tournant vers le sentiment moralisant au milieu du siècle.
Cette étude permet ainsi de mieux comprendre la manière dont le mot ‘sentiment’ en est venu à signifier, non plus ‘opinion’ comme au dix-septième siècle, mais une nouvelle façon de décrire les émotions. On ne craint plus les sentiments, on apprend à les goûter, voire à en jouir.
Traitant à la fois de la France et de l’Angleterre, l’auteur montre comment s’est établie, au cours d’une période allant de 1650 à 1730, la notion du sentiment. S’appuyant sur des textes tant philosophiques que littéraires, Ph. Stewart trace les origines d’un nouvel espace sémantique dans les interstices des passions classiques, ouvrant le champ à l’analyse d’affections plus nuancées et aussi plus positives. Après un premier chapitre sur l’analyse des expressions affectives en général, l’auteur étudie successivement la période qui suit le traité des ‘passions de l’âme’ de Descartes, l’apport particulier de Prévost, Marivaux et Crébillon, et le tournant vers le sentiment moralisant au milieu du siècle.
Cette étude permet ainsi de mieux comprendre la manière dont le mot ‘sentiment’ en est venu à signifier, non plus ‘opinion’ comme au dix-septième siècle, mais une nouvelle façon de décrire les émotions. On ne craint plus les sentiments, on apprend à les goûter, voire à en jouir.
Introduction
1. Discours de l’affect
i. Langue et affect
ii. Langues et émotions
iii. Connaître les émotions
iv. Emotions et cognition
v. Littérature et affect
2. Au-delà des passions, et en deçà
i. L’ère de la passion: le legs du classicisme
ii. Le tournant du siècle
3. Prévost: toute la gamme
4. Marivaux: des voies nouvelles
5. Crébillon: le jeu des passions
6. Sentiment et sensibilité
7. Le triomphe du sentiment moralisant
Appendice: Eléments de vocabulaire
Table 1. Distribution comparée de mots affectifs
Table 2. Gamme du vocabulaire affectif dans La Vie de Marianne
Bibliographie
Index
Collaborator biographies: Philip Stewart est professeur émérite de littérature française et comparée à Duke University, auteur de nombre d’études sur le roman et l’histoire des idées au XVIIIe siècle et traducteur de plusieurs ouvrages dont la Julie de Rousseau (1997) et l’Africa Trek de Alexandre et Sonia Poussin (2 vol., 2008).